{"id":33898,"date":"2022-03-09T00:00:57","date_gmt":"2022-03-09T08:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vermont.salk.edu\/?post_type=disclosure&p=33898"},"modified":"2022-03-09T08:55:48","modified_gmt":"2022-03-09T16:55:48","slug":"new-technology-enables-unprecedented-glimpse-inside-single-brain-cells","status":"publish","type":"disclosure","link":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/news-release\/new-technology-enables-unprecedented-glimpse-inside-single-brain-cells\/","title":{"rendered":"La nueva tecnolog\u00eda permite una visi\u00f3n sin precedentes dentro de las c\u00e9lulas cerebrales individuales."},"content":{"rendered":"

LA JOLLA\u2014Investigadores del Instituto Salk han desarrollado una nueva tecnolog\u00eda gen\u00f3mica para analizar simult\u00e1neamente el ADN, ARN y la cromatina \u2014una combinaci\u00f3n de ADN y prote\u00ednas\u2014 de una sola c\u00e9lula. El m\u00e9todo, que tard\u00f3 cinco a\u00f1os en desarrollarse, representa un avance importante para las colaboraciones a gran escala en las que varios equipos trabajan simult\u00e1neamente para clasificar miles de nuevos tipos de c\u00e9lulas. La nueva tecnolog\u00eda, publicada en Gen\u00f3mica celular<\/em><\/a> el 9 de marzo de 2022, ayudar\u00e1 a agilizar los an\u00e1lisis.<\/p>\n

\"The
La imagen de portada muestra una nueva tecnolog\u00eda que puede ayudar a los investigadores a comprender el funcionamiento interno del cerebro humano.
Haga clic aqu\u00ed<\/a> para obtener una imagen en alta resoluci\u00f3n.
Cr\u00e9dito Gen\u00f3mica celular<\/em>, Instituto Salk y Scot Nicholls.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cEsta plataforma multimodal ser\u00e1 \u00fatil al proporcionar una base de datos integral que podr\u00e1n utilizar los grupos que intentan integrar sus datos de modalidad \u00fanica\u201d, afirma Joseph Ecker<\/a>, director del Laboratorio de An\u00e1lisis Gen\u00f3mico, de la C\u00e1tedra Internacional Salk en Gen\u00e9tica e Investigador del Instituto M\u00e9dico Howard Hughes. \u201cEsta nueva informaci\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n puede informar y guiar la clasificaci\u00f3n futura de tipos celulares\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ecker cree que esta tecnolog\u00eda ser\u00e1 vital para esfuerzos a gran escala, como la Red del Censo Celular del Cerebro (BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network) de los Institutos Nacionales de Salud, de la cual es co-presidente. Un esfuerzo importante de la BRAIN Initiative es desarrollar cat\u00e1logos de tipos de c\u00e9lulas del cerebro de ratones y humanos. Esta informaci\u00f3n puede ser utilizada luego para comprender mejor c\u00f3mo el cerebro crece y se desarrolla, as\u00ed como el papel que desempe\u00f1an los diferentes tipos de c\u00e9lulas en enfermedades neurodegenerativas, como el Alzheimer.<\/p>\n

La tecnolog\u00eda actual de c\u00e9lulas \u00fanicas funciona extrayendo ADN, ARN o cromatina del n\u00facleo de una c\u00e9lula y luego analizando su estructura molecular en busca de patrones. Sin embargo, este m\u00e9todo destruye la c\u00e9lula en el proceso, obligando a los investigadores a depender de algoritmos computacionales para analizar m\u00e1s de uno de estos componentes por c\u00e9lula o para comparar los resultados.<\/p>\n

Para el nuevo m\u00e9todo, llamado snmCAT-seq, los cient\u00edficos utilizaron biomarcadores para etiquetar ADN, ARN y cromatina sin extraerlos de la c\u00e9lula. Esto permiti\u00f3 a los investigadores medir los tres tipos de informaci\u00f3n molecular en la misma c\u00e9lula. Luego, los cient\u00edficos utilizaron este m\u00e9todo para identificar 63 tipos de c\u00e9lulas en la regi\u00f3n de la corteza frontal del cerebro humano y evaluaron la eficacia de los m\u00e9todos computacionales para integrar m\u00faltiples tecnolog\u00edas de c\u00e9lulas \u00fanicas. El equipo descubri\u00f3 que los m\u00e9todos computacionales tienen una alta precisi\u00f3n para caracterizar poblaciones amplias de c\u00e9lulas cerebrales, pero muestran una ambig\u00fcedad significativa en el an\u00e1lisis de tipos de c\u00e9lulas finamente definidos, lo que sugiere la necesidad de definir los tipos de c\u00e9lulas mediante diversas mediciones para una clasificaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s precisa.<\/p>\n

\"From<\/a>
De izquierda a derecha: Joseph Ecker y Chongyuan Luo
Haga clic aqu\u00ed<\/a> para obtener una imagen en alta resoluci\u00f3n.
Cr\u00e9dito: Instituto Salk<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

La tecnolog\u00eda tambi\u00e9n podr\u00eda usarse para comprender mejor c\u00f3mo interact\u00faan los genes y las c\u00e9lulas para causar enfermedades neurodegenerativas.<\/p>\n

\u201cEstas enfermedades pueden afectar ampliamente a muchos tipos de c\u00e9lulas. Pero podr\u00eda haber ciertas poblaciones celulares que sean particularmente vulnerables\u201d, afirma el co-primer autor.\u00a0Chongyuan Luo<\/a>, profesor asistente de gen\u00e9tica humana en la\u00a0Escuela de Medicina David Geffen en UCLA<\/a>. La investigaci\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica ha identificado las regiones del genoma que son relevantes para enfermedades como el Alzheimer. Estamos proporcionando otra dimensi\u00f3n de datos e identificando los tipos de c\u00e9lulas afectadas por estas regiones gen\u00f3micas.\u201c<\/p>\n

Como siguiente paso, el equipo planea usar la nueva plataforma para encuestar otras \u00e1reas del cerebro y comparar c\u00e9lulas de cerebros humanos sanos con las de cerebros afectados por el Alzheimer y otras enfermedades neurodegenerativas.<\/p>\n

Otros autores incluyeron a Hanqing Liu, Bang-An Wang, Zhuzhu Zhang, Dong-Sung Lee, Jingtian Zhou, Sheng-Yong Niu, Rosa Castanon, Anna Bartlett, Angeline Rivkin, Jacinta Lucero, Joseph R. Nery, Jesse R. Dixon y M. Margarita Behrens del Salk; Fangming Xie, Ethan J. Armand, Wayne I. Doyle, Sebastian Preissl y Eran A. Mukamel de la Universidad de California San Diego; Kimberly Siletti, Lijuan Hu y Sten Linnarsson del Instituto Karolinska en Suecia; Trygve E. Bakken, Rebecca D. Hodge y Ed Lein del Instituto Allen para la Ciencia del Cerebro en Seattle; Rongxin Fang, Xinxin Wang y Bing Ren del Instituto Ludwig para la Investigaci\u00f3n del C\u00e1ncer en La Jolla, California; Tim Stuart y Rahul Satija del New York Genome Center; y David A. Davis y Deborah C. Mash de la Universidad de Miami.<\/p>\n

La investigaci\u00f3n fue financiada por los National Institutes of Health (5R21HG009274, 5R21MH112161, 5U19MH11483, R01MH125252, U01HG012079, 5T32MH020002, R01HG010634 y U01MH114812), el Howard Hughes Medical Institute y la Facultad de Medicina de UC San Diego.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":33972,"template":"","faculty":[42],"disease-research":[124],"class_list":["post-33898","disclosure","type-disclosure","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","faculty-joseph-ecker","disease-research-neuroscience-and-neurological-disorders"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNew technology enables unprecedented glimpse inside single brain cells - Salk Institute for Biological Studies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/news-release\/new-technology-enables-unprecedented-glimpse-inside-single-brain-cells\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"New technology enables unprecedented glimpse inside single brain cells - Salk Institute for Biological Studies\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"LA JOLLA\u2014Salk Institute researchers have developed a new genomic technology to simultaneously analyze the DNA, RNA and chromatin\u2014a combination of DNA and protein\u2014from a single cell. 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Armand, Kimberly Siletti, Trygve E. Bakken, Rongxin Fang, Wayne I. Doyle, Tim Stuart, Rebecca D. Hodge, Lijuan Hu, Bang-An Wang, Zhuzhu Zhang, Sebastian Preissl, Dong-Sung Lee, Jingtian Zhou, Sheng-Yong Niu, Rosa Castanon, Anna Bartlett, Angeline Rivkin, Xinxin Wang, Jacinta Lucero, Joseph R. Nery, David A. Davis, Deborah C. Mash, Rahul Satija, Jesse R. Dixon, Sten Linnarsson, Ed Lein, M., Margarita Behrens, Bing Ren, Eran A. Mukamel and Joseph R. 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In this issue of <em>Cell Genomics<\/em>, Luo et al. describe the development of a new single-nucleus molecular profiling method called snmCAT-seq that combines these three individual modalities. This multi-omics method, which simultaneously measures DNA methylation, chromatin accessibility, and RNA transcripts present in a single nucleus, was applied to survey human brain cortical neuron diversity. The cover image depicts how a diverse trio of investigators, representing the trio of molecular modalities measured by snmCAT, \u201cseq\u201d to understand the innerworkings of the human brain. Cover art by Scot Nicholls and Amy Cao (Salk Institute)."},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disclosure\/33898","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disclosure"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/disclosure"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disclosure\/33898\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33998,"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disclosure\/33898\/revisions\/33998"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33972"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33898"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"faculty","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/faculty?post=33898"},{"taxonomy":"disease-research","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disease-research?post=33898"}],"curies":[{"name":"la hora de","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}