{"id":2445,"date":"2013-08-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-08-14T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vermont.salk.edu\/news-release\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\/"},"modified":"2020-06-15T11:31:51","modified_gmt":"2020-06-15T18:31:51","slug":"potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection","status":"publish","type":"disclosure","link":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/news-release\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\/","title":{"rendered":"Potent mechanism helps viruses shut down body’s defense system against infection"},"content":{"rendered":"

LA JOLLA, CA\u2014Researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies have discovered a powerful mechanism by which viruses such as influenza, West Nile and Dengue evade the body’s immune response and infect humans with these potentially deadly diseases. The findings may provide scientists with an attractive target for novel antiviral therapies.\n <\/p>\n

\nPublished in the August 2013 issue of the journal Cell Host and Microbe<\/a><\/em>, the findings describe a novel mechanism that this group of so-called “enveloped viruses” uses to disarm the host’s innate immune response. The mechanism the scientists uncovered is based on these viruses activating a class of molecules, known as TAM receptors, which are located on the outside of certain immune cells.\n <\/p>\n

\nIn the immune system, TAM receptors are used by cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, to clean up dead cells, and they are also central inhibitors of the body’s innate immune response to bacteria, viruses and other pathogens.\n <\/p>\n

\nThe Salk scientists found that a substance called phosphatidylserine (PtdSer), which is found on the surface of enveloped viruses (viruses with an outer wrapping of a lipid membrane), binds to extracellular proteins and activates TAM receptors on immune cells. In dendritic cells, a type of immune cell that interacts with T and B cells to initiate the adaptive immune response, TAM receptor activation turns off a set of genes called interferons that play a key role in antiviral defense.\n <\/p>\n

\"John<\/p>\n

\nFrom left: John Young, Erin Lew, Greg Lemke, Anna Zag\u00f3rska, John Naughton\n<\/p>\n

Imagen: Cortes\u00eda del Instituto Salk de Estudios Biol\u00f3gicos<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n“Our findings suggest a unique way in which TAM receptors contribute to the establishment of viral infection by disabling the interferon response,” says co-lead study author John A.T. Young<\/a>, profesor del Instituto Salk Nomis Foundation Laboratories for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis<\/a>. “As a consequence, the interferon-stimulated defense genes are not turned on, rendering the target cell more permissive for virus infection.”\n <\/p>\n

\nThis is a previously unknown mechanism for enveloped viruses, which are very common, to inhibit the body’s normal antiviral response. Since PtdSer exposure seems to be a general feature of enveloped viruses, the researchers say many different viruses may use the mechanism to counteract the cellular antiviral response in cells with TAM receptors.\n <\/p>\n

\nUnderstanding this mechanism allows researchers to work on developing broad-spectrum antiviral drugs that prevent viruses from shutting down the interferon response in cells by blocking TAM receptor activation. In their study, the Salk scientists tested a small-molecule drug called BMS-777607, initially developed for anti-cancer therapy, that does just that.\n <\/p>\n

\n “With this small molecule, viruses can’t activate TAM receptors, so they can’t shut down the interferon response,” says co-lead author Greg Lemke<\/a>, profesor del Instituto Salk Laboratorio de Neurobiolog\u00eda Molecular<\/a> and the Fran\u00e7oise Gilot-Salk Chair, in whose laboratory TAM receptors were discovered.\n <\/p>\n

\nWith other scientists around the country, the Salk researchers are testing a variety of small molecule drugs in series of different viruses, including West Nile, Dengue, influenza, Ebola, Marburg, and hepatitis B. These drugs work, in large part, by blocking the virus’ ability to activate TAM receptors, thereby leaving the interferon-mediated antiviral response intact.\n <\/p>\n

\n“This is a completely novel approach,” says Young, who holds the Nomis Foundation Chair at Salk. “It is a way of exploiting a normal piece of the cellular machinery in the immune system to block virus infections.” And, if it works, it may prove to be an effective treatment to clear enveloped viruses during the acute phase of infection and perhaps also in chronic virus infections.\n <\/p>\n

\nOther researchers on the study were co-first authors Suchita Bhattacharyya and Anna Zag\u00f3rska, as well as Erin D. Lew and John Naughton, from the Salk Institute; Bimmi Shrestha and Michael S. Diamond of Washington University; and Carla V. Rothlin of Yale University.\n <\/p>\n

\nThe study was supported by the Institutos Nacionales de Salud<\/a>, the Nomis and Auen Foundations, the James B. Pendleton Charitable Trust, a Salk Institute innovation grant, the Human Frontiers Science Program<\/a>, y el Leukemia and Lymphoma Society<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n


\nAcerca del Instituto Salk de Estudios Biol\u00f3gicos:<\/strong>
\nEl Instituto Salk de Estudios Biol\u00f3gicos es una de las instituciones de investigaci\u00f3n b\u00e1sica m\u00e1s destacadas del mundo, donde un cuerpo docente de prestigio internacional investiga cuestiones fundamentales de las ciencias de la vida en un entorno \u00fanico, colaborativo y creativo. Centrados tanto en el descubrimiento como en la formaci\u00f3n de las futuras generaciones de investigadores, los cient\u00edficos del Salk realizan contribuciones revolucionarias a nuestra comprensi\u00f3n del c\u00e1ncer, el envejecimiento, el Alzheimer, la diabetes y las enfermedades infecciosas mediante el estudio de la neurociencia, la gen\u00e9tica, la biolog\u00eda celular y vegetal, y otras disciplinas relacionadas.\n<\/p>\n

\nLos logros del cuerpo docente han sido reconocidos con numerosos galardones, entre los que se incluyen premios Nobel y la pertenencia a la Academia Nacional de Ciencias. Fundado en 1960 por el Dr. Jonas Salk, pionero en la vacuna contra la poliomielitis, el Instituto es una organizaci\u00f3n independiente sin fines de lucro y un hito arquitect\u00f3nico.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","faculty":[96],"disease-research":[122,366],"class_list":["post-2445","disclosure","type-disclosure","status-publish","hentry","faculty-greg-lemke","disease-research-immune-system-biology","disease-research-infectious-disease"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPotent mechanism helps viruses shut down body's defense system against infection - Salk Institute for Biological Studies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/news-release\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Potent mechanism helps viruses shut down body's defense system against infection - Salk Institute for Biological Studies\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"LA JOLLA, CA\u2014Researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies have discovered a powerful mechanism by which viruses such as influenza, West Nile and Dengue evade the body’s immune response and infect humans with these potentially deadly diseases. The findings may provide scientists with an attractive target for novel antiviral therapies.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/news-release\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Salk Institute for Biological Studies\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-06-15T18:31:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/salk-institute-preview-image.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"628\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"329\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/news-release\\\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/news-release\\\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\\\/\",\"name\":\"Potent mechanism helps viruses shut down body's defense system against infection - Salk Institute for Biological Studies\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/news-release\\\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/news-release\\\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2013\\\/01\\\/LemkeYoung-634.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-08-14T07:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-06-15T18:31:51+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/news-release\\\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es-MX\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/news-release\\\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es-MX\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/news-release\\\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2013\\\/01\\\/LemkeYoung-634.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2013\\\/01\\\/LemkeYoung-634.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/news-release\\\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Potent mechanism helps viruses shut down body’s defense system against infection\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/\",\"name\":\"Salk Institute for Biological Studies\",\"description\":\"The Power of Science\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es-MX\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Salk Institute for Biological Studies\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es-MX\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/03\\\/salk_logo_696.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/03\\\/salk_logo_696.jpg\",\"width\":696,\"height\":696,\"caption\":\"Salk Institute for Biological Studies\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.salk.edu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Potent mechanism helps viruses shut down body's defense system against infection - Salk Institute for Biological Studies","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/news-release\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\/","og_locale":"es_MX","og_type":"article","og_title":"Potent mechanism helps viruses shut down body's defense system against infection - Salk Institute for Biological Studies","og_description":"LA JOLLA, CA\u2014Researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies have discovered a powerful mechanism by which viruses such as influenza, West Nile and Dengue evade the body’s immune response and infect humans with these potentially deadly diseases. The findings may provide scientists with an attractive target for novel antiviral therapies.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/news-release\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\/","og_site_name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","article_modified_time":"2020-06-15T18:31:51+00:00","og_image":[{"width":628,"height":329,"url":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/salk-institute-preview-image.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/news-release\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\/","url":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/news-release\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\/","name":"Potent mechanism helps viruses shut down body's defense system against infection - Salk Institute for Biological Studies","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/news-release\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/news-release\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/LemkeYoung-634.jpg","datePublished":"2013-08-14T07:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2020-06-15T18:31:51+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/news-release\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es-MX","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/news-release\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es-MX","@id":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/news-release\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/LemkeYoung-634.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/LemkeYoung-634.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/news-release\/potent-mechanism-helps-viruses-shut-down-bodys-defense-system-against-infection\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Potent mechanism helps viruses shut down body’s defense system against infection"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/","name":"Instituto Salk de Estudios Biol\u00f3gicos","description":"The Power of Science","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es-MX"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/#organization","name":"Instituto Salk de Estudios Biol\u00f3gicos","url":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es-MX","@id":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"http:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/salk_logo_696.jpg","contentUrl":"http:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/salk_logo_696.jpg","width":696,"height":696,"caption":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"ACF":{"paper_url":"http:\/\/www.cell.com\/cell-host-microbe\/abstract\/S1931-3128(13)00253-9","journal_title":"Cell Host and Microbe","paper_author_list":"Suchita Bhattacharyya, Anna Zag\u00f3rska, Erin D. Lew, Bimmi Shrestha, Carla V. Rothlin, John Naughton, Michael S. Diamond, Greg Lemke, and John A.T. Young","paper_title":"Viruses disable innate immune responses in dendritic cells via direct activation of TAM receptors","subhead":"Salk Institute findings may lead to new broad-spectrum antiviral drugs","home_photo":"634.jpg","listing_photo":"","doi":"","legacy_boilerplate":[],"hide_boilerplate":[],"disable_date":false,"listing_excerpt":"","descriptive_blurb":"","has_journal_cover":false,"og_image_override":false,"gallery":false},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disclosure\/2445","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disclosure"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/disclosure"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disclosure\/2445\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26900,"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disclosure\/2445\/revisions\/26900"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2445"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"faculty","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/faculty?post=2445"},{"taxonomy":"disease-research","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/disease-research?post=2445"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}