Fred H. Gage<\/a> y sus colegas descubrieron que el receptor, llamado TLX, es necesario para mantener las c\u00e9lulas madre proliferantes en los cerebros de ratones adultos. Los defectos en la actividad de TLX en ratones resultan en un comportamiento violento y agresivo que se observa a menudo en enfermedades neurodegenerativas y lesiones cerebrales. Lo m\u00e1s importante es que la reintroducci\u00f3n de TLX normal en c\u00e9lulas derivadas de ratones con TLX defectuoso restaur\u00f3 su capacidad de comportarse como c\u00e9lulas madre neurales adultas.<\/p>\n\u201cTLX est\u00e1 presente en el cerebro en desarrollo, pero no es esencial para el desarrollo temprano\u201d, dijo Gage. \u201cEs sorprendentemente crucial para la funci\u00f3n de las c\u00e9lulas nerviosas adultas. Dado que esta funci\u00f3n disminuye con la edad, especialmente en \u00e1reas del cerebro importantes para el aprendizaje y la memoria, TLX podr\u00eda ser un objetivo para proteger contra los cambios relacionados con la edad asociados con el deterioro cognitivo\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n
Los investigadores descubrieron que las c\u00e9lulas madre que ten\u00edan el receptor TLX pod\u00edan proliferar y diferenciarse en cualquiera de los diversos tipos de c\u00e9lulas que se encuentran en el cerebro adulto. Pero sin el receptor, ninguna de las c\u00e9lulas pod\u00eda crecer, lo que provoc\u00f3 cambios conductuales dr\u00e1sticos en los ratones. Estos cambios se revirtieron y las c\u00e9lulas volvieron a poder proliferar cuando los cient\u00edficos reintrodujeron TLX.<\/p>\n
Gage es conocido por su hallazgo anterior de que el cerebro puede regenerar c\u00e9lulas nerviosas en la adultez, lo que condujo al descubrimiento de c\u00e9lulas madre adultas en el cerebro. Desde ese descubrimiento, los investigadores han estado tratando de averiguar exactamente c\u00f3mo las c\u00e9lulas madre se desarrollan en partes funcionales del sistema nervioso.<\/p>\n
\u201cSi podemos aprender a controlar el interruptor, podr\u00edamos ser capaces de estimular la formaci\u00f3n de nuevas c\u00e9lulas cerebrales y restaurar o preservar el aprendizaje y la memoria. Con este interruptor en mano, comenzaremos a buscar medicamentos que puedan regular su actividad para estimular la funci\u00f3n cerebral\u201d, dijo Evans. <\/p>\n
El Instituto Salk de Estudios Biol\u00f3gicos, ubicado en La Jolla, California, es una organizaci\u00f3n independiente sin fines de lucro dedicada a los descubrimientos fundamentales en las ciencias de la vida, la mejora de la salud y las condiciones de vida de las personas, y la formaci\u00f3n de las futuras generaciones de investigadores. El Dr. Jonas Salk fund\u00f3 el instituto en 1960 gracias a una donaci\u00f3n de terrenos por parte de la ciudad de San Diego y al apoyo financiero de la Fundaci\u00f3n March of Dimes para los Defectos Cong\u00e9nitos.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","faculty":[91,76],"disease-research":[],"class_list":["post-2243","disclosure","type-disclosure","status-publish","hentry","faculty-ronald-evans","faculty-rusty-gage"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
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