{"id":14640,"date":"2017-09-06T00:00:35","date_gmt":"2017-09-06T07:00:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vermont.salk.edu\/?post_type=disclosure&p=14640"},"modified":"2018-10-03T14:39:38","modified_gmt":"2018-10-03T21:39:38","slug":"salk-computational-neurobiologist-receives-nsf-grant-study-brain-processes-sound","status":"publish","type":"disclosure","link":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/news-release\/salk-computational-neurobiologist-receives-nsf-grant-study-brain-processes-sound\/","title":{"rendered":"Neurobi\u00f3logo computacional de Salk recibe subvenci\u00f3n de la NSF para estudiar c\u00f3mo el cerebro procesa el sonido"},"content":{"rendered":"

LA JOLLA\u2014Profesor Asociado del Salk Tatyana Sharpee<\/a> ha recibido una subvenci\u00f3n de aproximadamente $950,000 por 4 a\u00f1os de la National Science Foundation para estudiar c\u00f3mo el cerebro procesa sonidos complejos. Esta subvenci\u00f3n es parte de un proyecto multinacional junto con grupos en Francia e Israel.<\/p>\n

\"Tatyana
Tatyana Sharpee<\/p>\n

Haga clic aqu\u00ed<\/a> para una imagen de alta resoluci\u00f3n<\/p>\n

Cr\u00e9dito: Instituto Salk<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cEl enfoque computacional y el modelado de Tatyana est\u00e1n a la vanguardia de la investigaci\u00f3n en neurobiolog\u00eda\u201d, dice el Presidente del Salk Elizabeth Blackburn<\/a>. Este premio le permitir\u00e1 seguir haciendo descubrimientos importantes sobre c\u00f3mo el cerebro procesa los sonidos y poner a prueba teor\u00edas sobre c\u00f3mo funcionan juntos diferentes tipos de neuronas. Este trabajo podr\u00eda informar mejores maneras de tratar la p\u00e9rdida de audici\u00f3n o mejorar las tecnolog\u00edas de reconocimiento de voz.\u201c<\/p>\n

Sharpee, miembro del Laboratorio de Neurobiolog\u00eda Computacional de Salk, busca desarrollar una teor\u00eda unificadora del \u201ccontrol biol\u00f3gico\u201d para comprender los principios universales del comportamiento. Espec\u00edficamente, est\u00e1 descubriendo c\u00f3mo los animales sienten y se adaptan a su entorno, as\u00ed como c\u00f3mo hacen predicciones y toman decisiones. Para ello, aplica estrategias matem\u00e1ticas \u2014como modelos estad\u00edsticos y de probabilidad\u2014 para trazar los principios por los cuales los miles de millones de neuronas del cerebro intercambian energ\u00eda e informaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

\u201cEsta subvenci\u00f3n representa una tremenda oportunidad para resolver los misterios del procesamiento auditivo al combinar grabaciones el\u00e9ctricas del cerebro, simulaciones de circuitos neuronales a gran escala y an\u00e1lisis estad\u00edstico de respuestas tanto del modelo como reales para comprender c\u00f3mo los diferentes tipos de neuronas en la corteza auditiva representan sonidos naturalistas\u201d, dice Sharpee. \u201cNo podr\u00eda estar m\u00e1s entusiasmado al respecto\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n

La subvenci\u00f3n re\u00fane a tres grupos, uno experimental y dos computacionales, para desarrollar modelos basados en propiedades conocidas de las redes neuronales que describan c\u00f3mo diferentes tipos de neuronas cooperan para representar sonidos. Adem\u00e1s de profundizar nuestra comprensi\u00f3n de la percepci\u00f3n auditiva, los investigadores del Salk, la Universidad Hebrea de Jerusal\u00e9n y la Universidad Paris-Descartes esperan obtener informaci\u00f3n sobre los principios generales de cooperaci\u00f3n entre neuronas dentro de una red neuronal \u00fanica.<\/p>\n

\u201cEl trabajo que la Dra. Sharpee y sus colegas est\u00e1n realizando es realmente emocionante y dif\u00edcil\u201d, dice Kenneth Whang, gerente de programas de la NSF, divisi\u00f3n de Sistemas de Informaci\u00f3n e Inteligencia en la direcci\u00f3n de Ciencias de la Computaci\u00f3n e Ingenier\u00eda de la Informaci\u00f3n. \u201cEllos est\u00e1n uniendo modelos computacionales de lo que una red cerebral puede lograr con los mecanismos sub\u201d<\/p>\n

La investigaci\u00f3n tiene implicaciones para comprender la representaci\u00f3n de se\u00f1ales en otros sentidos (vista, tacto), as\u00ed como los principios generales de la codificaci\u00f3n neuronal en el cerebro, y ofrece una serie de aplicaciones pr\u00e1cticas potenciales, incluido el dise\u00f1o de aud\u00edfonos mejorados y sistemas artificiales de reconocimiento del habla.<\/p>\n

Adicionalmente, dado que un desbalance alterado entre los tipos de neuronas ha sido implicado en varios d\u00e9ficits de atenci\u00f3n y trastornos psiqui\u00e1tricos, incluyendo autismo y esquizofrenia<\/a>, el proyecto tambi\u00e9n podr\u00eda revelar nuevas formas de tratar esas enfermedades.<\/p>\n

La subvenci\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n incluye un componente de divulgaci\u00f3n que implicar\u00e1 demostraciones de percepci\u00f3n musical y vocal para estudiantes de K-12 y exhibiciones.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":14642,"template":"","faculty":[66],"disease-research":[332,124,167],"class_list":["post-14640","disclosure","type-disclosure","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","faculty-tatyana-sharpee","disease-research-computational-biology","disease-research-neuroscience-and-neurological-disorders","disease-research-schizophrenia"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSalk computational neurobiologist receives NSF grant to study how brain processes sound - Salk Institute for Biological Studies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/news-release\/salk-computational-neurobiologist-receives-nsf-grant-study-brain-processes-sound\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Salk computational neurobiologist receives NSF grant to study how brain processes sound - Salk Institute for Biological Studies\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"LA JOLLA\u2014Salk Associate Professor Tatyana Sharpee has been awarded a grant of approximately $950,000 over 4 years by the National Science Foundation to study how the brain processes complex sounds. 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