{"id":10219,"date":"2016-06-15T10:07:12","date_gmt":"2016-06-15T17:07:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vermont.salk.edu\/?post_type=disclosure&p=10219"},"modified":"2024-01-30T15:22:00","modified_gmt":"2024-01-30T23:22:00","slug":"super-resolution-microscopy-reveals-unprecedented-detail-of-immune-cells-surface","status":"publish","type":"disclosure","link":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/news-release\/super-resolution-microscopy-reveals-unprecedented-detail-of-immune-cells-surface\/","title":{"rendered":"Super-resolution microscopy reveals unprecedented detail of immune cells\u2019 surface"},"content":{"rendered":"

LA JOLLA\u2014When the body is fighting an invading pathogen, white blood cells\u2014including T cells\u2014must respond. Now, Salk Institute researchers have imaged how vital receptors on the surface of T cells bundle together when activated.<\/p>\n

This study, the first to visualize this process in lymph nodes, could help scientists better understand how to turn up or down the immune system\u2019s activity to treat autoimmune diseases, infections or even cancer. The results were published the week of June 13, 2016 in Actas de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n

\"Hu_etal_Fig2_news_release2r\"
Salk scientists used light-sheet super-resolution imaging to capture the rearrangement of T-cell receptors from nanometer-scale protein islands (left) to micrometer-scale microclusters (right) after T-cell activation in mouse lymph nodes. <\/p>\n

Click-here<\/a> para obtener una imagen en alta resoluci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Cr\u00e9dito: Instituto Salk<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cWe had seen these receptors cluster and reposition in cultured cells that were artificially stimulated in the lab, but we\u2019ve never seen their natural arrangements in lymph nodes until now,\u201d says senior author Bj\u00f6rn Lillemeier<\/a>, an associate professor in Salk\u2019s Nomis Laboratories for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, and the Centro Waitt de Biofot\u00f3nica Avanzada<\/a>.<\/p>\n

T cells are activated when receptors embedded in their outer membrane bind to other immune cells that have digested an antigen, such as a virus, bacteria or c\u00e1ncer<\/a> cell. In turn, the activated T cells switch on cellular pathways that help the body both actively seek out and destroy the antigen and remember it for the future. In the past, by looking at T-cell receptors embedded in isolated cells under the microscope, researchers discovered that the receptors are arranged in clusters\u2014called protein islands\u2014that merge when the cells are activated.<\/p>\n

Lillemeier wanted more detail on how the receptors are arranged in tissue and how that arrangement might change when the T cells are activated in living hosts. The team used a super-resolution microscope developed in the laboratory of co-senior author Hu Cang<\/a>, assistant professor at Salk\u2019s Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center and holder of the Frederick B. Rentschler Developmental Chair. This microscopy approach, called light-sheet direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM), let the researchers watch T cell receptors in the membranes of T cells in mouse lymph nodes at a resolution of approximately 50 nanometers.<\/p>\n

The new imagery confirmed the previous observation that protein islands of T-cell receptors merge into larger \u201cmicroclusters\u201d when T cells are activated. But it also showed that, before cells are activated, the protein islands are already arranged in groups\u2014dubbed \u201cterritories\u201d by Lillemeier\u2019s team. \u201cThe pre-organization on the molecular level basically turns the T cell into a loaded gun,\u201d says Lillemeier.<\/p>\n

\"Hu
From left: Hu Cang, Bj\u00f6rn Lillemeier, Ying Hu <\/p>\n

Click here for a high-resolution image<\/a> <\/p>\n

Cr\u00e9dito: Instituto Salk<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The organization of surface receptors enables T cells to launch fast and effective immune response against antigens. Understanding how the molecular organization mediates the sensitivity of T cell responses could help researchers make the immune system more or less sensitive. In the case of autoimmune diseases, clinicians would like to turn down the immune system\u2019s activity, while turning up the activity could help fight infections or cancers.<\/p>\n

The research could also have implications for understanding other receptors in the body, which have a wide range of functions both within and outside the immune system. \u201cWe think that most receptors on the surfaces of cells are organized like this,\u201d says Ying Hu, first author and postdoctoral researcher at the Salk Institute.<\/p>\n

The work and the researchers involved were supported by grants from the Fundaci\u00f3n NOMIS<\/a>, la Waitt Foundation<\/a>, the James B. Pendleton Charitable Trust, the Institutos Nacionales de Salud<\/a>, la National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke<\/a>, la Instituto Nacional del C\u00e1ncer<\/a> and the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":10206,"template":"","faculty":[97,78],"disease-research":[122],"class_list":["post-10219","disclosure","type-disclosure","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","faculty-bjorn-lillemeier","faculty-hu-cang","disease-research-immune-system-biology"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSuper-resolution microscopy reveals unprecedented detail of immune cells\u2019 surface - Salk Institute for Biological Studies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/es\/news-release\/super-resolution-microscopy-reveals-unprecedented-detail-of-immune-cells-surface\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Super-resolution microscopy reveals unprecedented detail of immune cells\u2019 surface - Salk Institute for Biological Studies\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"LA JOLLA\u2014When the body is fighting an invading pathogen, white blood cells\u2014including T cells\u2014must respond. 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