{"id":40928,"date":"2023-06-12T07:37:26","date_gmt":"2023-06-12T14:37:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vermont.salk.edu\/?post_type=disclosure&#038;p=40928"},"modified":"2024-01-30T14:14:07","modified_gmt":"2024-01-30T22:14:07","slug":"seeing-the-insides-of-plants-in-3d","status":"publish","type":"disclosure","link":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/de\/news-release\/seeing-the-insides-of-plants-in-3d\/","title":{"rendered":"Seeing the insides of plants in 3D"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>LA JOLLA\u2014The cellular life inside a plant is as vibrant as the blossom. In each plant tissue\u2014from root tip to leaf tip\u2014there are hundreds of cell types that relay information about functional needs and environmental changes. Now, a new technology developed by Salk scientists can capture this internal plant world at an unprecedented resolution, opening the door for understanding how plants respond to a changing climate and leading to more resilient crops.<\/p>\n<div class=\"row\" style=\"\"><div class=\"col-md-12 col-md-push-0\"><div class=\"video-anchor\" id=\"video-67m6RBwrCl8\"><\/div><div class=\"embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9\"> <iframe class=\"embed-responsive-item\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/67m6RBwrCl8?rel=0\" webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><!-- .embed-responsive --><\/div><!-- .col-md-*size --><\/div><!-- .\/row --><div class=\"row\" style=\"\"><div class=\"col-md-12 col-md-push-0\" style=\"font-size: .9em; margin-bottom: 20px;\">3D video of plant roots created using PHYTOMap with dots (purple and green) representing two different genes.<br \/>Kredit: Salk Institut<\/div><\/div>\n<p>The method, called PHYTOMap, can capture entire plant tissues (like the whole root tip), instead of a small slice and provides insight into the complex biological conversations between cells that is difficult in two dimensions.<\/p>\n<p>The method was detailed in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41477-023-01439-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Natur-Pflanzen<\/em><\/a> on June 12, 2023, and the researchers expect PHYTOMap to be quickly popularized by the global scientific community.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_40942\"  class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-40942 size-pr-300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500-300x150.jpg\" alt=\"From left: Joseph Ecker and Tatsuya Nobori.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500-1024x513.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500-768x385.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500-147x74.jpg 147w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500-458x229.jpg 458w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500-585x293.jpg 585w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500-553x277.jpg 553w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500-750x376.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500-767x384.jpg 767w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500-945x473.jpg 945w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500-1250x626.jpg 1250w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500-400x200.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left: Joseph Ecker and Tatsuya Nobori.<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Joeseph-Ecker-Nobori-PR-v1noline-1500.jpg\">Klicken Sie hier<\/a> f\u00fcr ein hochaufl\u00f6sendes Bild.<br \/>Kredit: Salk Institut<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u201cPHYTOMap allows us to examine dozens of plant genes and see which cells express those genes, how cells influence each other, and how tissue architecture influences those cells,\u201d says Salk Professor <a href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/de\/scientist\/joseph-ecker\/\">Joseph Ecker<\/a>, director of the Genomic Analysis Laboratory and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. \u201cWe can then use those answers to improve crops, predict plant reactions to climate change, and more.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Existing imaging techniques can only view a small number of genes in one type of plant tissue and requires altering the plants\u2019 genetic makeup (creating transgenic lines). PHYTOMap (short for plant hybridization-based targeted observation of gene expression map) allows researchers to study dozens of genes simultaneously without any time-consuming genetic manipulation of the plant.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;PHYTOMap was able to map various cell-type-specific genes in expected locations of root tips in 3D,\u201d says Tatsuya Nobori, a postdoctoral researcher in Ecker\u2019s lab. \u201cNow, we can use PHYTOMap to ask more complex questions, like how do different cell types respond and react to each other and their environment?\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"row\" style=\"\"><div class=\"col-md-12 col-md-push-0\"><div class=\"video-anchor\" id=\"video-5oiVl_DO42A\"><\/div><div class=\"embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9\"> <iframe class=\"embed-responsive-item\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5oiVl_DO42A?rel=0\" webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><!-- .embed-responsive --><\/div><!-- .col-md-*size --><\/div><!-- .\/row --><div class=\"row\" style=\"\"><div class=\"col-md-12 col-md-push-0\" style=\"font-size: .9em; margin-bottom: 20px;\">PHYTOMap enables scientists to see plant genes in three dimensions. Each dot (purple, green, blue, and red) represents a different gene.<br \/>Kredit: Salk Institut<\/div><\/div>\n<p>In addition to being powerful, PHYTOMap is also accessible\u2014the technique used is relatively standard and the associated cost is relatively minimal.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWith PHYTOMap, we will be able to ask so many new biological questions. I can\u2019t wait to use the method to see how plants interact with surrounding microorganisms,\u201d says Nobori.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPHYTOMap makes visualizing cells in plant tissues so much easier\u2014no need to alter the plant\u2019s genetic makeup, no need to flag cells with colorful markers,\u201d says Ecker, who is also the Salk International Council Chair in Genetics. \u201cI\u2019m excited to see how PHYTOMap propels efforts to understand plant gene regulation during normal development and under various environmental conditions as well as how it may inform the optimization of agriculture.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In the future, the Ecker lab will use PHYTOMap to better understand the regulation of cell populations in various plant tissues to eventually engineer crops that are more resilient to climate change.<\/p>\n<p>Other authors include Marina Oliva and Ryan Lister of the University of Western Australia.<\/p>\n<p>The work was supported by a Human Frontiers Science Program Long-term Fellowship (LT000661\/2020-L) and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.<\/p>\n<p>Protocol: Protocols.io<br \/>\nTitle: PHYTOMap in Arabidopsis root tips<br \/>\nAuthors: Tatsuya Nobori, Joseph Ecker<br \/>\nLink: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.protocols.io\/view\/phytomap-in-arabidopsis-root-tips-rm7vzbp4xvx1\/v1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.protocols.io\/view\/phytomap-in-arabidopsis-root-tips-rm7vzbp4xvx1\/v1 <\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":40936,"template":"","faculty":[42],"disease-research":[450,333,125,451,452],"class_list":["post-40928","disclosure","type-disclosure","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","faculty-joseph-ecker","disease-research-climate-change","disease-research-genetics","disease-research-plant-biology","disease-research-plant-genomics","disease-research-plant-physiology"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Seeing the insides of plants in 3D - Salk Institute for Biological Studies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/de\/news-release\/seeing-the-insides-of-plants-in-3d\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Seeing the insides of plants in 3D - Salk Institute for Biological Studies\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"LA JOLLA\u2014The cellular life inside a plant is as vibrant as the blossom. 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