{"id":36620,"date":"2022-10-31T00:00:59","date_gmt":"2022-10-31T07:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vermont.salk.edu\/?post_type=disclosure&#038;p=36620"},"modified":"2023-12-08T20:29:04","modified_gmt":"2023-12-09T04:29:04","slug":"salk-scientists-discover-new-molecules-that-decline-in-the-aging-brain","status":"publish","type":"disclosure","link":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/de\/news-release\/salk-scientists-discover-new-molecules-that-decline-in-the-aging-brain\/","title":{"rendered":"Salk-Wissenschaftler entdecken entz\u00fcndungshemmende Molek\u00fcle, die im alternden Gehirn abnehmen"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>LA JOLLA \u2013 Altern beinhaltet komplizierte Wendungen und eine gro\u00dfe Anzahl von Akteuren: Entz\u00fcndungen, Stress, Stoffwechselver\u00e4nderungen und viele andere. Nun enth\u00fcllt ein Team von Wissenschaftlern des Salk Institute und der UC San Diego einen weiteren Faktor, der am Alterungsprozess beteiligt ist \u2013 eine Klasse von Lipiden, die SGDGs (3-Sulfogalactosyl-Diacylglycerine) genannt werden, die im Gehirn mit dem Alter abnehmen und entz\u00fcndungshemmende Wirkungen haben k\u00f6nnten.<\/p>\n<p>Die Forschung, ver\u00f6ffentlicht in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41589-022-01165-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Nature Chemical Biology<\/em><\/a>\u00a0am 20. Oktober 2022, hilft, die molekularen Grundlagen der Gehirnalterung zu entschl\u00fcsseln, deckt neue Mechanismen auf, die altersbedingten neurologischen Erkrankungen zugrunde liegen, und bietet zuk\u00fcnftige M\u00f6glichkeiten f\u00fcr therapeutische Interventionen.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_36652\"  class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"165\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-36652 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ScienceImage-300x165.png\" alt=\"The brain is comprised of lipids or fats, but the role of these molecules in health and disease remains unknown. The newly identified class of lipids, called SGDGs, decrease with aging, which suggests they may play a role in brain aging.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ScienceImage-300x165.png 300w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ScienceImage-768x423.png 768w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ScienceImage-147x81.png 147w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ScienceImage-458x252.png 458w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ScienceImage-585x322.png 585w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ScienceImage-553x305.png 553w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ScienceImage-750x413.png 750w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ScienceImage-767x423.png 767w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ScienceImage-945x521.png 945w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ScienceImage-400x220.png 400w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ScienceImage.png 1025w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Das Gehirn besteht aus Lipiden oder Fetten, aber die Rolle dieser Molek\u00fcle bei Gesundheit und Krankheit ist noch unbekannt. Die neu identifizierte Klasse von Lipiden, SGDGs genannt, nimmt mit dem Alter ab, was darauf hindeutet, dass sie eine Rolle bei der Gehirnalterung spielen k\u00f6nnten.<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/ScienceImage.png\">Klicken Sie hier<\/a> f\u00fcr ein hochaufl\u00f6sendes Bild.<br \/>Kredit: Salk Institut<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u201cDiese SGDGs spielen eindeutig eine wichtige Rolle bei der Alterung, und diese Erkenntnis er\u00f6ffnet die M\u00f6glichkeit, dass es noch andere kritische Alterungspfade gibt, die wir \u00fcbersehen haben\u201d, sagt der Co-Korrespondenzautor <a href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/de\/scientist\/alan-saghatelian\/\">Alan Saghatelian<\/a>, Professor in den Clayton Foundation Laboratories f\u00fcr Peptidbiologie des Salk Institute und Inhaber des Dr. Frederik Paulsen-Lehrstuhls. \u201cDies ist ein ziemlich klarer Fall von etwas, das in Zukunft genauer untersucht werden sollte.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>SGDGs sind eine Klasse von Lipiden, die auch als Fette bezeichnet werden. Lipide tragen zur Struktur, Entwicklung und Funktion gesunder Gehirne bei, w\u00e4hrend schlecht regulierte Lipide mit alternden und kranken Gehirnen in Verbindung gebracht werden. Lipide sind jedoch im Gegensatz zu Genen und Proteinen nicht gut verstanden und wurden in der Alternsforschung oft \u00fcbersehen. Saghatelian ist auf die Entdeckung neuer Lipide und die Bestimmung ihrer Strukturen spezialisiert.<\/p>\n<p>Sein Labor hat in Zusammenarbeit mit Professor Dionicio Siegel an der UC San Diego drei Entdeckungen im Zusammenhang mit SGDGs gemacht: Im Gehirn sind die Lipidspiegel bei \u00e4lteren M\u00e4usen sehr unterschiedlich zu denen bei j\u00fcngeren M\u00e4usen; alle SGDG-Familienmitglieder und verwandte Lipide ver\u00e4ndern sich mit dem Alter signifikant; und SGDGs k\u00f6nnten durch Prozesse reguliert werden, die bekannterma\u00dfen die Alterung regulieren.<\/p>\n<p>Um zu diesen Erkenntnissen zu gelangen, w\u00e4hlte das Team einen ungew\u00f6hnlichen, explorativen Ansatz, der die gro\u00df angelegte Untersuchung von Lipiden (Lipidomik) mit Strukturchemie und fortgeschrittener Datenanalyse kombinierte. Zun\u00e4chst erhielten sie Lipidprofile von M\u00e4usegehirnen in f\u00fcnf Altersstufen, von einem bis 18 Monaten, mittels Fl\u00fcssigchromatographie-Massenspektrometrie. Technologische Fortschritte bei dieser Instrumentierung erweiterten die Anzahl der den Wissenschaftlern zur Verf\u00fcgung stehenden Datenpunkte erheblich, und fortgeschrittene Datenanalysen erm\u00f6glichten ihnen die Bestimmung altersbedingter Muster in den riesigen Lipidprofilen. Anschlie\u00dfend konstruierte das Team SGDG-Molek\u00fcle und testete diese auf biologische Aktivit\u00e4t.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSGDGs wurden erstmals in den 1970er Jahren identifiziert, aber es gab nur wenige Nachfolgestudien. Diese Lipide gerieten praktisch in Vergessenheit und fehlten in den Lipiddatenbanken. Niemand wusste, dass SGDGs sich im Alter ver\u00e4ndern oder reguliert w\u00fcrden, geschweige denn, dass sie bioaktiv und m\u00f6glicherweise therapeutisch beeinflussbar sind\u201d, sagt Erstautor Dan Tan, ein Postdoktorand in Saghatelians Labor am Salk.<\/p>\n<p>Die Analyse zeigte, dass SGDGs entz\u00fcndungshemmende Eigenschaften besitzen, was Auswirkungen auf neurodegenerative Erkrankungen und andere neurologische Zust\u00e4nde haben k\u00f6nnte, die mit einer erh\u00f6hten Entz\u00fcndung im Gehirn einhergehen.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_36653\"  class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-36653 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"From left: Joan Vaughan, Srihari Konduri, Cynthia Donaldson, Peter Gray, Dionicio Siegel, Dan Tan, Alan Saghatelian, and Antonio Pinto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500-147x98.jpg 147w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500-458x305.jpg 458w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500-585x390.jpg 585w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500-553x369.jpg 553w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500-750x500.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500-767x511.jpg 767w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500-945x630.jpg 945w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500-1250x833.jpg 1250w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Von links: Joan Vaughan, Srihari Konduri, Cynthia Donaldson, Peter Gray, Dionicio Siegel, Dan Tan, Alan Saghatelian und Antonio Pinto<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/20221025-551A0412rt-1500.jpg\">Klicken Sie hier<\/a> f\u00fcr ein hochaufl\u00f6sendes Bild.<br \/>Kredit: Salk Institut<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Das Team entdeckte auch, dass SGDGs im Gehirn von Menschen und Primaten vorkommen, was darauf hindeutet, dass SGDGs bei anderen Tieren als M\u00e4usen eine wichtige Rolle spielen k\u00f6nnten. Weitere Forschung ist erforderlich, um zu zeigen, ob SGDGs zur menschlichen Neuroinflammation beitragen.<\/p>\n<p>In der Zukunft wird das Team untersuchen, wie SGDGs mit dem Altern reguliert werden und welche Proteine f\u00fcr ihre Produktion und ihren Abbau verantwortlich sind, was die T\u00fcr zur Entdeckung neuartiger genetischer Aktivit\u00e4ten im Zusammenhang mit dem Altern \u00f6ffnen k\u00f6nnte.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMit dem Verst\u00e4ndnis der Struktur von SGDGs und unserer F\u00e4higkeit, sie im Labor herzustellen, ist die Erforschung dieser wichtigen Lipide nun weit offen und reif f\u00fcr Entdeckungen\u201d, sagt Siegel, Co-Korrespondenzautor der Studie.<\/p>\n<p>Zu den weiteren Autoren geh\u00f6rten Meric Erikci Ertunc, Justin Wang, Tina Chang, Antonio F. M. Pinto, Andrea Rocha, Cynthia J. Donaldson, Joan M. Vaughan, Peter C. Gray, Pamela Maher und Nicola J. Allen vom Salk Institute; Srihari Konduri von der UC San Diego; Pan Zhang von der UC Los Angeles; Raissa G. Ludwig und Marcelo A. Mori von der Universit\u00e4t Campinas, Brasilien; Elizabeth Willey und Andrew Dillin von der UC Berkeley; Manasi Iyer und Bradley Zuchero von der Stanford University; und Steven G. Kohama von der Oregon Health and Science University.<\/p>\n<p>Diese Arbeit wurde finanziert von Ferring Pharmaceuticals und Frederik Paulsen, den National Institutes of Health (P30 CA014195, R01DK106210, R01NS119823, R01AG069206 und RF1AG061296), dem Oregon National Primate Research Center (P51 OD 010092), der Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance und der Joe and Clara Tsai Foundation, der Anderson Foundation, der Bruce Ford and Anne Smith Bundy Foundation, dem Pioneer Fellowship, dem Howard Hughes Medical Institute, dem CZI Neurodegeneration Network und der S\u00e3n Paulo Research Foundation (2017\/01184-9).<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":36654,"template":"","faculty":[111],"disease-research":[127,449,146,456,124],"class_list":["post-36620","disclosure","type-disclosure","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","faculty-alan-saghatelian","disease-research-alzheimers-disease","disease-research-biochemistry-and-biophysics","disease-research-aging-and-regenerative-medicine","disease-research-inflammation","disease-research-neuroscience-and-neurological-disorders"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Salk scientists discover anti-inflammatory molecules that decline in the aging brain - Salk Institute for Biological Studies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/de\/news-release\/salk-scientists-discover-new-molecules-that-decline-in-the-aging-brain\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Salk scientists discover anti-inflammatory molecules that decline in the aging brain - Salk Institute for Biological Studies\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"LA JOLLA\u2014Aging involves complicated plot twists and a large cast of characters: inflammation, stress, metabolism changes, and many others. 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M. Pinto, Andrea Rocha, Cynthia J. Donaldson, Joan M. Vaughan, Raissa G Ludwig, Elizabeth Willey, Manasi Iyer, Peter C. Gray, Pamela Maher, Nicola J. Allen, J. Bradley Zuchero, Andrew Dillin, Marcelo A Mori, Steven G. 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