{"id":23256,"date":"2019-07-11T00:00:36","date_gmt":"2019-07-11T07:00:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vermont.salk.edu\/?post_type=disclosure&#038;p=23256"},"modified":"2023-12-08T09:51:47","modified_gmt":"2023-12-08T17:51:47","slug":"gene-identified-that-will-help-develop-plants-to-fight-climate-change","status":"publish","type":"disclosure","link":"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/de\/news-release\/gene-identified-that-will-help-develop-plants-to-fight-climate-change\/","title":{"rendered":"Gene identified that will help develop plants to fight climate change"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>LA JOLLA\u2014Hidden underground networks of plant roots snake through the earth foraging for nutrients and water, similar to a worm searching for food. Yet, the genetic and molecular mechanisms that govern which parts of the soil roots explore remain largely unknown. Now, Salk Institute researchers have discovered a gene that determines whether roots grow deep or shallow in the soil.<\/p>\n<div class=\"row\" style=\"\"><div class=\"col-md-12 col-md-push-0\"><div class=\"video-anchor\" id=\"video-f70Vpt6Tx9s\"><\/div><div class=\"embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9\"> <iframe class=\"embed-responsive-item\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/f70Vpt6Tx9s?rel=0\" webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><!-- .embed-responsive --><\/div><!-- .col-md-*size --><\/div><!-- .\/row -->\n<p>In addition, the findings, published in <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2019.06.021\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Zelle<\/em><\/a> on July 11, 2019, will also allow researchers to develop plants that can help combat climate change as part of Salk\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/de\/harnessing-plants-initiative\/\">Initiative zur Nutzung von Pflanzen<\/a>. The initiative aims to grow plants with more robust and deeper roots <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?time_continue=1&amp;v=JSv5UkuRV-A\">that can store increased amounts of carbon<\/a> underground for longer to reduce CO<sub>2<\/sub> in the atmosphere. The Salk initiative will receive more than <a href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/de\/news-release\/salk-institute-initiative-to-receive-more-than-35-million-to-fight-climate-change\/\">$35 million from over 10 individuals and organizations through The Audacious Project<\/a> to further this effort.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;We are incredibly excited about this first discovery on the road to realizing the goals of the Harnessing Plants Initiative,&#8221; says Associate Professor <a href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/de\/scientist\/wolfgang-busch\/\">Wolfgang Busch<\/a>, senior author on the paper and a member of Salk\u2019s Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory as well as its Integrative Biology Laboratory. &#8220;Reducing atmospheric CO<sub>2<\/sub> levels is one of the great challenges of our time, and it is personally very meaningful to me to be working toward a solution.&#8221;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_23335\"  class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"458\" height=\"233\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-23335 size-col-md-5\" src=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1-458x233.jpg\" alt=\"Normal &lt;em&gt;Arabidopsis thaliana&lt;\/em&gt; plant with shallow root system architecture. Right: Arabidopsis thaliana mutant showing deeper root system architecture. (Roots are colored red in the image for better visibility.)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1-458x233.jpg 458w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1-300x153.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1-768x391.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1-1024x521.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1-147x75.jpg 147w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1-585x298.jpg 585w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1-553x281.jpg 553w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1-750x382.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1-767x390.jpg 767w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1-945x481.jpg 945w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1-1250x636.jpg 1250w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1-400x203.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 458px) 100vw, 458px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Left: Normal <em>Arabidopsis thaliana<\/em> plant with shallow root system architecture. Right: Arabidopsis thaliana mutant showing deeper root system architecture. (Roots are colored yellow in the image for better visibility.)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/normal-plant-mutant-plant-1500-1.jpg\">Klicken Sie hier<\/a> f\u00fcr ein hochaufl\u00f6sendes Bild.<\/p>\n<p>Kredit: Salk Institut<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In the new work, the researchers used the model plant thale cress (<em>Arabidopsis thaliana<\/em>) to identify genes and their variants that regulate the way auxin, a hormone that is a key factor in controlling the root system architecture, works. Though auxin was known to influence almost all aspects of plant growth, it was not known which factors determined how it specifically affects root system architecture.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIn order to better view the root growth, I developed and optimized a novel method for studying plant root systems in soil,\u201d says first author Takehiko Ogura, a postdoctoral fellow in the Busch lab. \u201cThe roots of\u00a0<em>A. thaliana\u00a0<\/em>are incredibly small so they are not easily visible, but by slicing the plant in half we could better observe and measure the root distributions in the soil.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The team found that one gene, called <em>EXOCYST70A3, <\/em>directly regulates root system architecture by controlling the auxin pathway without disrupting other pathways. <em>EXOCYST70A3 <\/em>does this by affecting the distribution of PIN4, a protein known to influence auxin transport. When the researchers altered the <em>EXOCYST70A3 <\/em>gene, they found that the orientation of the root system shifted and more roots grew deeper into the soil.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBiological systems are incredibly complex, so it can be difficult to connect plants\u2019 molecular mechanisms to an environmental response,\u201d says Ogura. \u201cBy linking how this gene influences root behavior, we have revealed an important step in how plants adapt to changing environments through the auxin pathway.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_23259\"  class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"458\" height=\"305\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-23259 size-col-md-5\" src=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting-458x305.jpg\" alt=\"From left: Takehiko Ogura and Wolfgang Busch.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting-458x305.jpg 458w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting-147x98.jpg 147w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting-585x390.jpg 585w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting-553x369.jpg 553w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting-750x500.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting-767x511.jpg 767w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting-945x630.jpg 945w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting-1250x833.jpg 1250w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 458px) 100vw, 458px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left: Takehiko Ogura and Wolfgang Busch.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Busch_rooting.jpg\">Klicken Sie hier<\/a> f\u00fcr ein hochaufl\u00f6sendes Bild.<\/p>\n<p>Kredit: Salk Institut<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In addition to enabling the team to develop plants that can grow deeper root systems to ultimately store more carbon, this discovery could help scientists understand how plants address seasonal variance in rainfall and how to help plants adapt to changing climates.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe hope to use this knowledge of the auxin pathway as a way to uncover more components that are related to these genes and their effect on root system architecture,\u201d adds Busch. \u201cThis will help us create better, more adaptable crop plants, such as soybean and corn, that farmers can grow to produce more food for a growing world population.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Other authors included Santosh B. Satbhai of Salk along with Christian Goeschl, Daniele Filiault, Madalina Mirea, Radka Slovak and Bonnie Wolhrab of the Gregor Mendel Institute in Austria.<\/p>\n<p>The work was supported by funds from the Austrian Academy of Sciences through the Gregor Mendel Institute along with a grant from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF I2377-B25) and funds from the Salk Institute for Biological Studies.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About the Harnessing Plants Initiative:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Climate change poses an immediate threat to our future. Rising temperatures from excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has led to increasingly extreme and dangerous weather patterns that threaten animals and plants alike. The Salk Institute\u2019s Harnessing Plants Initiative (HPI) is an innovative, scalable and bold approach to fight climate change by optimizing a plant\u2019s natural ability to capture and store carbon and adapt to diverse climate conditions. This approach can help draw down and store more carbon and that\u2014combined with other global efforts\u2014will mitigate the disastrous effects of climate change while providing more food, fuel and fiber for a growing population.<br \/>\nLearn more at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/de\/harnessing-plants-initiative\/\">salk.edu\/harnessingplants<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00dcber das Salk Institute for Biological Studies:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Every cure has a starting point. The Salk Institute embodies Jonas Salk\u2019s mission to dare to make dreams into reality. Its internationally renowned and award-winning scientists explore the very foundations of life, seeking new understandings in neuroscience, genetics, immunology, plant biology and more. The Institute is an independent nonprofit organization and architectural landmark: small by choice, intimate by nature and fearless in the face of any challenge. Be it cancer or Alzheimer\u2019s, aging or diabetes, Salk is where cures begin.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","faculty":[300],"disease-research":[450,125,451,452],"class_list":["post-23256","disclosure","type-disclosure","status-publish","hentry","faculty-wolfgang-busch","disease-research-climate-change","disease-research-plant-biology","disease-research-plant-genomics","disease-research-plant-physiology"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gene identified that will help develop plants to fight climate change - Salk Institute for Biological Studies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.salk.edu\/de\/news-release\/gene-identified-that-will-help-develop-plants-to-fight-climate-change\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gene identified that will help develop plants to fight climate change - Salk Institute for Biological Studies\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"LA JOLLA\u2014Hidden underground networks of plant roots snake through the earth foraging for nutrients and water, similar to a worm searching for food. 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